Strategic management Essay Example for Free

Strategic management Essay 1. Strategic management consists of the analysis, decisions, and actions an organization undertakes in order to create and sustain competitive advantages. TRUE Dess Chapter 01 #1 Learning Objective: 1 (p. 5) 2. Strategic management includes strategy analysis, strategy formulation, and strategy implementation. TRUE (p. 9-13) 3. According to the text, formulating strategy includes taking into consideration strategy at the business, international, digital, and corporate levels. TRUE Dess Chapter 01 (p. 11) 4. (p. 14) Symbiosis is the ability to recognize interdependencies among the interests of multiple stakeholders within and outside an organization. TRUE Dess Chapter 01 #6 Learning Objective: 3 5. (p. 15) Social responsibility is the idea that organizations are not only accountable to shareholders but also to the community-at-large. TRUE Dess Chapter 01 #7 Learning Objective: 3 6. (p. 14) Sears has developed a sophisticated quantitative model that can predict the relationship between employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction, and financial results. This is an example of a symbiotic approach to strategic management. TRUE 7. (p. 14) Social responsibility for Suncor Energy of Calgary means accountability to customers but NOT to employees. FALSE Dess Chapter 01 #10 Learning Objective: 3 8. (p. 17) The strategic management process should be addressed only by top-level executives. Mid-level and low-level employees are best equipped to implement the organizations strategies. FALSE Dess Chapter 01 #11 Learning Objective: 4 9. (p. 17) Intellectual capital is becoming increasingly important in todays economy. It is a concern of managers throughout organizations. TRUE Dess Chapter 01 #13 Learning Objective: 4 10. (p. 20) Objectives in organizations should be clear, stated, and known by employees throughout the organization. TRUE Dess Chapter 01 #14 Learning Objective: 5 11. (p. 20) Strategic management should only include short-term objectives. Long-term objectives are covered in the organizations vision statement. FALSE Dess Chapter 01 #15 Learning Objectives: 5 12. (p. 20) Organizational goals and objectives should be vague in order to allow for changes in strategy. FALSE Dess Chapter 01 #16 Learning Objectives: 5 13. (p. 20) Organizational vision statements are the beginning point for the hierarchy of goals throughout the organization. An organizations vision statement should be massively inspiring, overarching, and long-term. TRUE 14. Dess Chapter 01 #18 Learning Objective:5 (p. 21) According to the text, a mission statement is an overarching statement that is massively inspiring, long-term, and only discusses the purpose of the company. FALSE 15. Dess Chapter 01 #19 Learning Objective: 5 (p. 21) A mission statement encompasses both the purpose of the company as well as the basis of competition and competitive advantage. TRUE 16. Dess Chapter 01 #20 Learning Objective: 5(p. 24) Strategic objectives should be measurable, specific, appropriate, and realistic, but not constrained by time deadlines. FALSE 17. (p. 23) It is important for organizations to focus primarily on financial objectives and be less concerned about other objectives and goals. FALSE 18. The four key attributes of strategic management include the idea that A. strategy must be directed toward overall organizational goals and objectives. B. strategy must be focused on long-term objectives. C. strategy must be focused on one specific area of an organization. D. strategy must focus on competitor strengths. 19. The four key attributes of strategic management include all of the following except A. including multiple stakeholder interests in decision-making. B. incorporating both short-term and long-term perspectives. C. recognizing the trade-offs between effectiveness and efficiency. D. emphasis on the attainment of short-term objectives. 20. According to Henry Mintzberg, the realized strategies of a firm A. are a combination of deliberate and emergent strategies. B. are a combination of deliberate and differentiation strategies. C. must be based on a companys strategic plan. D. must be kept confidential for competitive reasons. 21. In order to increase their competitiveness, organizations must continually analyze their strategy and their competitive environments. According to the text, strategy analysis includes A. assessing intellectual capital as well as analyzing the internal and external environment. B. formulating Internet and international-level strategy. C. strategic leadership and fostering entrepreneurship. D. strategy implementation and strategic controls. 22. In terms of strategy analysis, the textbook describes Roth, CEO of Nortel, as having A. set low targets. B. ignored the experiences of competitors and set unrealistically high growth targets. C. focused on the economic landscape. D. all of the answers are correct 23. Sears has developed a sophisticated quantitative model and found that there were positive relationships between employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction, and financial results. According to the text, this is an example of ________________. A. zero-sum relationship among stakeholders B. stakeholder symbiosis C. rewarding stakeholders D. emphasizing financial returns 24. An organization is responsible to many different entities. In order to meet the demands of these groups, organizations must participate in stakeholder management. Stakeholder management means that A. interests of the shareholders are not the only interests that matter. B. stakeholders are second in importance to the shareholders. C. stakeholders and managers inevitably work at cross-purposes. D. all stakeholders receive financial rewards.

The Jonestown Massacre: Jim Jones Essay -- mass suicide, church

Have you ever heard the term, â€Å"Don’t drink the Kool-Aid?† or â€Å"You have drank the Kool-Aid.†? Well, †Drinking the Kool-Aid† means you have done something that others have told you to do or did yourself. This saying comes from the cult society led by Reverend Jim Jones, named Jonestown. Jonestown was a small community in the jungle of Guyana, South America. After getting word of people coming to investigate the society, Jones had committed a mass suicide by poisoning Kool-Aid and giving it to the people of Jonestown. A cult society is an organization that basically disguises itself as a religion. In a cult, they normally perform rituals. There are usually many people in these societies. In Jim Jones’s cult, there were at least one thousand people in this community. Jim Jones was the notorious cult leader of the Peoples Temple. Jones was born on May 13, 1931 in Crete, Indiana. He was a self-appointed pastor from a church in the Midwest. Jim had been popular for always wearing dark glasses, black suits and slicked-back hair, which made a splendid impression on the pulpit of the churches he had preached at or had been to. He then, in the mid-1960s, moved his congregation to California to, what he had wished, avoid the start of a nuclear war. Then, in 1974, he moved his people to Guyana after he was faced with financial abuses, criticism, and church beatings. Guyana, South America is South America’s monarch. It is located on the northern border of South America and is also part of the Anglophone Islands. After Jones and his flock moved to this country, he started a cult. He named this the Peoples Temple.They were located in the jungle of Guyana. In this community, Jones proclaimed that all men, except for him, were homosexual. He... ...s already small portions of food and horrible tasks given to those who didn’t obey Jim Jones. Also, Reverend jones clearly didn’t mind the fact that he was forcing more than nine hundred people to commit suicide, a third if them children. Being me, I feel like the way Jim Jones treated these people, and the way he led this cult compound was completely wrong. I feel like Peoples Temple was a humungous mistake. I also feel truly sorry for those who lose friends and family in this horrible event and for those who went through this. Although this is all over the Jim jones Massacre will forever be remembered and never be forgotten. Works Cited â€Å"Inside the Jonestown Massacre.† CNN.com/US. 13 November 2008. â€Å"Jim Jones Biography.† Bio.. 15 May 2014

Concepts of epidemiology (HIV) Essay

Communicable diseases are global health issues nowadays as the world become globalized by increasing international travel and business. Among many of communicable diseases, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is considered to be one of the most severe communicable diseases worldwide. It has spread rapidly throughout the whole world from the continent of Africa since it was first reported in 1981(Maurer & Smith, 2009). By 1987, it had spread to 100 countries, by 2001, HIV became the leading infectious cause of death in the world. Scientists believe a similar virus to HIV first found in animals such as chimps and monkeys in Africa, where Africans are hunted for food. While they contact with an infected animal’s blood during butchering or cooking, the virus might cross into humans and become HIV (Mayo Clinic, n.d.). HIV causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS). Having HIV does not always mean having AIDS. To develop AIDS, it take many years for people with HIV. The epidemic of HIV/AIDS in Africa is devastating because it disrupts family life, leaving many children without parents’ support. Reduced workforces in African society impact socioeconomic issues as well. These days, HIV/AIDS are not only problems in the African continent, but they are now also seen in every continent in the entire world. As of 2008, United Nations (UN) general assembly special session on HIV/AIDS estimated that there were roughly 33-4 million people living with HIV, 2.7 million new infections of HIV, and 2 million deaths from AIDS. According to the Center of Disease Control(CDC), about 1.1 million people in the U.S. had been diagnosed with AIDS since the disease diagnosed in 1981(Maurer & Smith, 2009). A person gets HIV when an infected person’s body fluids such as  blood, semen, fluids from vagina or breast milk get into his or her bloodstream. This virus can enter the bloodstream through linings in the mouth, anus, or sex organs through broken skin. HIV attacks and destroys CD4 cells which is same as T-cells in white blood cells (Moss, 2013). When a person has lower number of CD4 cells in the blood than normal, he or she is susceptible to illnesses because the person lost ability to fight infection. Unsafe sexual activity, transfusion of HIV infected blood, sharing needles and syringes with people with HIV, HIV infected mothers’ pregnancy, delivery, and breast-feeding are all risk factors for HIV infection. World Health Organization(WHO) found that 80% of cases of HIV/AIDS infections happened by unsafe sexual contact with an HIV-infected person. Stigma, discrimination, misconception, local social and cultural taboos also contribute to increasing number of HIV infections in developing countries where people do not talk about them or people are not educated about them. Early symptoms of HIV infection are fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, diarrhea, weight loss, cough, headache, blurred and distorted vision, skin rashes or bumps, and shortness of breath(Moss, 2013). People infected with HIV progress to AIDS when their CD4 cell count falls down below 200 or when they develop complications such astuberculosis, salmonellosis, cytomegalovirus, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, toxoplasmosis, cryptosiporidiosis, and cancers including Kaposi’s sarcoma and lymphomas. Other complications can include wasting syndrome, neurological complications, and kidney disease(Moss, 2013).AIDS is the last stage of HIV infection and life threatening. If a person with HIV does not receive treatment, the disease progresses to AIDS in about 10 years (Mayo Clinic, n.d.). Good news is that there is a treatment with antiviral medication for HIV infection even though there is no complete cure for HIV/AIDS. As soon as a person is diagnosed as HIV-positive, a variety of drugs can be used in combination to control this virus. The Department of Health and Human Services recommend that everyone with HIV infection must be offered antiviral medications regardless of T-cells count in order to restrict replication and duplication of the virus. HIV medications are more widely available than ever. They expand the lifespan of people with HIV. Not only drug regimen, but healthy life style such as eating healthy foods including fish oil and whey protein, avoiding certain foods including unpasteurized  dairy products, raw eggs, and raw seafood, getting vaccine, obtaining coping skills contribute to reducing further complication of HIV/AIDS (Mayo Clinic, n.d.). Prevention is the most important through education on safe sexual activity, safe care of blood transfusion, protective care of pregnancy, delivery, and breast-feeding among mothers with HIV/AIDS, etc. The epidemiologic triangle is composed of agent, host, and environment. These three are interrelated to spread the communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS. For example, the agent factor is the presence or absence of human immunodeficiency virus that is transmitted directly through infected blood transfusion, sharing infected needles and syringes, and breast feeding from infected mother or indirectly through broken skin by unsafe and unprotected sexual contact. The host factors are people. They can be either HIV-positive or HIV-negative. People who are diagnosed as HIV-negative are susceptible hosts who can be infected by people who are diagnosed HIV-positive if they have unsafe sexual activity or receive unsafe health care. The environmental factors can be social and economic conditions such as poverty, crowding, and frequent mobility of people that carry agents easily to other environments. If the environment is less habitable, the host susceptibility is reduced, and the agent source is also reduced or eliminated as well. All three factors may be altered to improve community resistance to HIV infection (Maurer & Smith, 2009) Host AgentEnvironment Figure 1 HIV Epidemiologic Triangle The community and public health nurses play an important role through their tasks such as case finding, reporting, data collection and analysis, and follow-up. 1. Responsibility of primary prevention; Community and public health nurses are in the front line to assess a person, family, and communities for epidemiologic agents, susceptible hosts, and favorable environments. Nurses are responsible for educating people in the community about the causes and spread of the virus. Since 80% of HIV infection occurs by sexual contact with an HIV infected person, abstinence or advocacy of the use of condoms and other protective measures during sexual activity must be taught to people of all ages at risk, young or old, male or female. Safe  administration of blood, safe use of needles and syringes, safe breast-feeding, and protective health care of mothers with HIV during pregnancy or delivery must also be taught and performed as well for primary prevention. 2. Responsibility of secondary prev ention: Despite education and prevention efforts, reducing HIV infection is challenging. In 2009, CDC reported, youth, ages 13-29, accounted for 39% of all new HIV infections in the U.S.(Albright & Gavigan, 2014). Nurses are responsible for secondary prevention through effective intervention. There is no cure for HIV/AIDS , yet medication regimen help improve life expectancy by preventing HIV-related complications. Combination of medications at least three of antiretroviral can be used to control the virus(Moss, 2013). Nurses should encourage people who receive antiretroviral therapy of 3 to5 combination pills to be compliant with prescribed medications as scheduled. However, combination of antiretroviral cost a lot and are not available in poor countries. WHO support these countries that drug companies provide medications at low cost. Community health care providers suggest voluntary counseling and testing for HIV treatment programs as good strategies. By the help of trained counselors, patients in the community can learn their HIV status and register for treatment as needed. In South Carolina, since the number of young adults with new HIV infection is increased, a new intervention program is designed for young adults that is called HIV/AIDS information vaccine, using graphic novels(Albright & Gavigan, 2014). 3. Responsibility of tertiary prevention; Since HIV/AIDS is incurable and at risk in progression gradually, community and public health nurses can focus on enhancing or optimizing their quality of life. HIV is not only a physiological stressor, but also a significant psychological stressor. Many of HIV positive patient suffer with depression and suicidal ideation. According to the study, these psychological symptoms among HIV-positive people are associated with a decline in CD4 cell count (Dalmida, 2006). By evidence of research, depressive mood affects neuropeptide receptor on lymphocytes and lead to decreased CD4 cell count(Dalmida, 2006). Spiritual practice and mental care for HIV-positive people are beneficial to relax sympathetic nervous system and enhance immune function (Rabin 1999). According to the holistic view of human being, an awareness of one’s spiritual self is very important to extend life span with optimal wellness  increasing greater satisfaction with life. (Rabin, 1999). Community and public health nurses have a role in such responsibilities in order to make a person, family and community different and healthier by providing coping skills with spiritual activities for people who are infected by HIV and who are suffering with AIDS. AIDS United is an organization that carries its mission in the U.S. to end the epidemic of AIDS since 1987. This organization has funded to local communities for syringe access, access to care, capacity building, HIV prevention and advocacy. AIDS United supports community-driven to HIV epidemic around the nation that reach populations with HIV/AIDS including gay and bisexual men and women, adolescents in school. References Albright, K.S., Gavigan, K. (2014) Information Vaccine: using Graphic Novels as an HIV/AIDS prevention resource for young adults. Journal of Education for Library & Information Science; Spring 2014, Vol.55 Issue 2, p178-185. Retrieved from GCU library. Coleman, C.L., Holzemer, W.L. (1999). Spirituality, psychological well-being and the quality of life. In L.A. peplau & D.Perlman (Eds), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research, and therapy (pp.224-237). New York: Wiley-Inter-science. Retrieved from Grand Canyon University(GCU) Library. Dalmida, S.G. (2006). Spirituality, Mental Health, Physical Health, and Health-related quality of life among women with HIV/AIDS: Integrating spirituality into mental health care. Issues in Mental health nursing. Vol. 27. Retrieved from GCU library. Maurer, F.A., Smith, C.M. (2009) Community/Public Health Nursing Practice: Health for families and populations (4th ed.)[Saunders Version] Retrieved on June 5, 2014 from http://evolve.elsevier.co m Moss, J.A. (2013) HIV/AIDS Review. Journal of Radiologic Technology, 2013 Jan 1; 84(3) pp. 247-270. Retrieved on June 5, 2014 from GCU library. MayoClinic (n.d.). Retrieved on June 5, 2014 from http://www.mayoclinic.org/disease-conditions/hiv-aids/basics/causes/con-20013732 U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) http://www.cdc.org/cough/index.htm World Health Organization(WHO) http://www.who.int

Cherokee Removal, Part Of The Trail Of Tears - 2515 Words

Cherokee removal, part of the Trail of Tears, refers to the forced relocation between 1836 and 1839 of the Cherokee Nation from their lands in Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Alabama to the Indian Territory in the then Western United States, and the resultant deaths along the way and at the end of the movement of an estimated 4000 Cherokee. The Cherokee have come to call the event Nu na da ul tsun yi ; another term is Tlo va sa --both phrases not used at the time, and seems to be of Choctaw origin. Removal actions occurred to other American Indian groups in the American South, North, Midwest, Southwest, and the Plains regions. The Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek and were removed reluctantly. The Seminole in Florida resorted to removal by the United States Army for decades with guerrilla warfare. Some Seminole remained in their Florida home country, while others were transported to Indian Territory in shackles. The phrase â€Å"Trail of Tears† is used to refer to similar events endured by other Indian groups, especially among the Five Civilized Tribes. The phrase originated as a description of the voluntary removal of the Choctaw nation in 1831. How it began In the fall of 1835, a census was taken by civilian officials of the US War Department to enumerate Cherokee residing in Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee, with a count of 16,542 Cherokee, 201 inter-married whites, and 1592 slaves . Tensions between the indigenous Cherokee andShow MoreRelatedTrail Of Tears Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesThe Trail of Tears is part of the immoral history of the United States. The information in this paper will be about the causes, history, deaths, and the hopes that were lost. There were at least four causes for the Indian removal act of 1830. 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In 1838, the United States Military utilizing surprise attacks, snatched Cherokee families from their homes, work, and play at bayonet point to faceRead MoreNative Americas And The West Of The Mississippi River1438 Words   |  6 Pagestravelled was hindered with many adverse and sometime deadly challenges and it came to be referred to as the trail of tears from the Cherokee phrase â€Å"Nunna daul Tsuny† that directly translates into â€Å"The Trail Where They Cried† . This Population transfer led to the removal of many members of the tribes that did not want to assimilate into the European lifestyles. The nations of Choctaw, Muskogee, Cherokee, Chickasaw, and Seminole among others were forcefully or coercively removed from their native land. By